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  • 专利说明
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    • 专利摘要:
    22 Abstract The invention relates to a detent device (10) for a gearbox (4), comprising anactuator (34); a movable manoeuvring shaft (32) adapted to manoeuvre a shiftfork (30); and a plunger (40), wherein the manoeuvring shaft (32) comprises atleast one recess (42) associated with a shift position, wherein the actuator (34)is adapted to move the manoeuvring shaft (32) along a first axis (A') extendingalong the longitudinal extension of the manoeuvring shaft (32), wherein theplunger (40) is movable along a second axis (A") perpendicular to the first axis(A') by means of a spring member (44), whereby the plunger (40) is able toengage with the at least one recess (42) in the manoeuvring shaft (32). Asleeve (46) is attached to the actuator (34), wherein the sleeve (46) surroundsthe manoeuvring shaft (32) and comprises an opening (48) in connection withthe at least one recess (42), wherein the opening (48) has a bevelled edge(50), such that the opening diameter decreases in the direction towards themanoeuvring shaft (32), wherein the plunger (40) comprises a first portion (40')with two inclined surface portions (52) adapted to interact with the bevellededge (50) and a second portion (40") adapted to engage with the at least onerecess (42) in the manoeuvring shaft (32), wherein the second portion (40")and the at least one recess (42) each comprises two locking surface portions(54', 54") The invention also relates to a gearbox (4) and a vehicle (1) comprising such adetent device (10). (Fig. sa)
    公开号:SE1551007A1
    申请号:SE1551007
    申请日:2015-07-10
    公开日:2017-01-11
    发明作者:Arnelöf Per
    申请人:Scania Cv Ab；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    A detent device for a gearbox TECHNICAL FIELDThe present invention relates to a detent device for a gearbox, a gearboxcomprising such a detent device and a vehicle comprising such a detent device according to the appended ciaims.
    BACKGROUND it is genereiiy itnovtfn to shitt geers in ntenuei geerhoxes or eutonieted ntenoeitrensrttissions (AiviT) hy rrioving nienoeuvriitg shetts or shitt sitetts connectedto shitt torks. By moving the rnenoetivriitg shett, e coupiing sieeve connectedto the sititt tork oonnectsidisconnects ditiereitt geer vvheeis with/trorn the rneinshett ot the transmission. Ditterent geers ere therehy engegedidisengeged. inorder to eohieve e certein shift position ot the ooupiing sieeve, theinenoeuvring shett nttist he ntoved to e correspondiitg position. "thernenoeuvring shett typioeiiy oornprises two or three grooves, eeohcorresponding to e shitt position. A spring ioeded piunger is norrneiiy errengedto engege with e groove in the inenoeuvring shett, tvherepy e shitt position otthe menoeovriitg shett end the coopiing sieeve is echieved. The piunger istypiceiiy tepered end the groove is oorrespondingiy sheped. "this wey, vvhenthe rrteitoeovring shett is rnoved in e direction perpendicuier to the ntovingdirection ot the piunger, the torce eppiied to the nfierioetivring shett ects on thetepered side ot the piunger end thus ptishes the piiinger evvey trorn thegroove. The nienoeuvriitg shett ntev therehy he rnoved. Depending on thespring torce end the design ot the ttiunger end the groove, e certein force isneeded to push the piuhger ett/ey trorn the groove and thus to inove thenfienoetivring shett to e desired shitt position. When the correct shitt positionhes been echieved the piunger end the groove shooid retein the correct shiitposition. t-iotvever, the rnenoeovring snett end the coupiiitg sieeves niey hesuhiected to severei tindesired torces which cotiid cause the inenoeuvringshett to he dispieced trorn the correct shitt position, even when no toroue is eoting on the cotipiing sieeve. Such torces ntey tor exernpie occur due to vibretions, to gravitetion if the gearbox is ieening or due to miseiignments otgeer vvheeis. The spring force urging the piungei' to stey in the groove ntusttherefore be sineii enough to be ebie to rnove the rnenoeovring sheft to thedesired shift position bot ierge enough to resist the ondesired forces ecting onthe coupiirig sieeve end the ittenoeuvring shett.
    Various soiotions exists tor preventing the ntenoeuvring sheft to beinvoidntariiy dispieced end thus to avoid that the coupiing sieeve isint/oiunteriiy disconnected. Document EEPt 335 4 Ai describes e detentessernbiy for e trensrnission where e shift reii coniprises e first, e second end eneittrei recess corresponding to e first, e second end e neutrei shift position.The neutrei recess is errenged between the 'iirst end the second recesses. Thefirst end second recesses inciude first end second trensition sorfeces siopingtowards the netitrei recess, where the second trensitioit stirfece is steeper thenthe first transition suriece. Document Eifit “i öêtïe A2 describes e shift member'with in-geer detent grooves and en in-netitrai detent groove vvith differentdepths.
    SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Despite known solutions in the field, there is still a need to develop a detentdevice for a gearbox which minimizes the force needed to achieve a desiredshift position and which minimizes the risk for involuntary disconnection of a coupling sleeve.
    An object of the present invention is to achieve a detent device whichminimizes the force needed to achieve a desired shift position.
    Another object of the invention is to achieve a detent device, which minimizesthe risk for involuntary disconnection of a coupling sleeve.
    A further object of the invention is to achieve a detent device, which optimizesthe shifting time.
    The herein mentioned objects are achieved by a detent device, a gearbox anda vehicle according to the independent claims.
    According to an aspect of the present invention a detent device for a gearboxis provided. The detent device comprises an actuator; a movable manoeuvringshaft adapted to manoeuvre a shift fork; and a plunger, wherein themanoeuvring shaft comprises at least one recess associated with a shiftposition, wherein the actuator is adapted to move the manoeuvring shaft alonga first axis extending along the longitudinal extension of the manoeuvring shaft,wherein the plunger is movable along a second axis perpendicular to the firstaxis, by means of a spring member, whereby the plunger is able to engagewith the at least one recess in the manoeuvring shaft. A sleeve is attached tothe actuator, wherein the sleeve surrounds the manoeuvring shaft andcomprises an opening in connection with the at least one recess, wherein theopening has a bevelled edge, such that the opening diameter decreases in thedirection towards the manoeuvring shaft. The plunger comprises a first portionwith two inclined surface portions adapted to interact with the bevelled edgeand a second portion adapted to engage with the at least one recess in themanoeuvring shaft, wherein the second portion and the at least one recesseach comprises two locking surface portions. The locking portions preferablyextend with an angle to the first axis, where the angle is between 70-100degrees. The locking surface portions preferably extend with an angle between85-90 degrees to the first axis. The locking surface portions of the plunger andthe locking surface portions of the at least one recess preferably have essentially the same inclination.
    When the manoeuvring shaft is moving along the first axis due to undesiredforces, the inner surfaces of the recess will act on the plunger. Thus, thelocking surface portions of the at least one recess will act on the lockingsurface portions of the second portion of the plunger. ln generally knowndetent assemblies the recess in the manoeuvring shaft and the plunger are both tapered, whereby inclined surfaces of the recess acts on inclined surfacesof the plunger. When a force is applied on the manoeuvring shaft, themanoeuvring shaft will act with a force on the inclined surface of the plungerand a counteracting force from the plunger will occur. The force acting on theinclined surface of the plunger will always have a force component directed away from the recess, which counteracts the spring force acting on the plunger.The size of such a force component will depend on the inc|ination of the recess.
    When the force component directed away from the recess is larger than thespring force and the counteracting force component from the plunger, theplunger s|ides on the inclined surface of the recess and is thereby pushedaway from the recess. The smaller the inc|ination of the plunger surface is inrelation to the first axis, the larger is the force component directed away fromthe recess. Thus, with a smaller inc|ination a smaller force is needed to pushthe plunger away from the recess. This may be advantageous when a desiredforce is applied on the manoeuvring shaft, however, when undesired forces acton the manoeuvring shaft there is a risk that the manoeuvring shaft isinvoluntarily displaced from its shift position. By having locking surface portionswhich extends with an angle between 70-100 degrees to the first axis, theforce component of the applied force, which is directed away from the recess,will be very small or zero. The force component derived from for exampleundesired forces acting on the manoeuvring shaft will thus not be enough tomake the plunger slide on the surfaces of the recess. The greater the angel ofthe locking surface portions, the better resistance against undesired forcesacting on the manoeuvring shaft. The locking surface portions of the inventionthereby ensure that the plunger will not be involuntarily pushed away from theat least one recess. The locking surface portions of the invention ensure thatthe plunger is not pushed out of the at least one recess by moving only themanoeuvring shaft. This way, the shift position of the manoeuvring shaft isretained and a detent device is achieved, which minimizes the risk forinvoluntary disconnection of the coupling sleeve.
    The sleeve and the manoeuvring shaft are preferably movably connected toeach other. The sleeve is suitably movable along the first axis by means of theactuator. The sleeve may only be moved by means of the actuator and is thusnegligibly affected by undesired forces acting on the manoeuvring shaft. Theactuator is thus adapted to move the sleeve and the manoeuvring shaft. Thisway, the sleeve may be moved independently of the manoeuvring shaft. Thisalso means that the manoeuvring shaft may be slightly moved along the firstaxis by undesired forces, without affecting the sleeve.
    The plunger is suitably configured such that when the second portion of theplunger is engaged with the at least one recess, the inclined surface portionsof the first portion are flush with the bevelled edge of the opening of the sleeve.The actuator is in an idle state and the sleeve is stationary. The inclinedsurface portions of the first portion and the bevelled edge suitably havecorresponding inclinations. This way the bevelled edge will act on one of theinclined surface portions when the sleeve is moved along the first axis. Theforce applied by the actuator results in a force component acting on theinclined surface portion, which counteracts the spring force and is directedaway from the recess. At a certain applied force from the actuator, the forcecomponent directed away from the recess will be large enough to make theinclined surface portion of the plunger slide on the bevelled edge of theopening in the sleeve. As long as the sleeve is in a stationary position, due tothe locking surface portions, the plunger cannot be pushed out of the at leastone recess and the manoeuvring shaft cannot be moved to a different shiftposition. Thus, in order to voluntarily move the manoeuvring shaft to anothershift position, the sleeve must first be moved to start lifting the plunger out fromthe recess and the manoeuvring shaft may subsequently be moved. Accordingto the present invention, the manoeuvring shaft can only be displaced by firstmoving the sleeve by means of the actuator. Since the locking surface portionsaccording to the invention results in smaller forces counteracting the springforce compared to known solutions, the spring force is allowed to be smaller.With a small spring force, a smaller applied actuating force is needed in order to move the sleeve and the manoeuvring shaft. Thereby is achieved a detentdevice which minimizes the force needed to achieve a desired shift position.With less actuating force needed, the shifting process is less time consumingsince the actuator can provide the requested force faster.
    The first axis is preferably parallel with the rotationa| axis of the main shaft ofthe gearbox comprising the detent device. When the manoeuvring shaft ismoving along the first axis, the shift fork is moving in the same direction. Theshift fork is suitably connected to a coupling sleeve which is thus moving alongthe first axis between different shift positions, wherein the coupling sleeveconnects different gear wheels with the main shaft of the gearbox. The secondaxis may extend along the longitudinal direction of the plunger. The secondaxis may run centrally through the plunger, along the length of the plunger.
    The two inclined surface portions of the first portion of the plunger are suitablyarranged opposite each other, facing away from each other. The lockingsurface portions of the second portion of the plunger are suitably arrangedopposite each other. The locking surface portions of the second portion of theplunger are suitably symmetrically arranged about the second axis. Thelocking surface portions of the second portion of the plunger suitably faceaway from each other. The locking surface portions of the at least one recessare suitably arranged opposite each other. The locking surface portions of theat least one recess are suitably symmetrically arranged about the second axis.The locking surface portions of the at least one recess suitably face away fromeach other. When the second portion of the plunger is engaged with the atleast one recess, the locking surface portions of the second portion of theplunger each faces a locking surface portion of the at least one recess.Depending on the moving direction of the sleeve and the manoeuvring shaftalong the first axis, one of the inclined surface portions of the plunger willinteract with the bevelled edge on one side of the opening in the sleeve, andone of the locking surface portions of the plunger will interact with one of thelocking surface portions of the at least one recess.
    The manoeuvring shaft may comprise a plurality of recesses, preferably two orthree. Each recess is associated with a shift position. The recesses in themanoeuvring shaft are suitably similarly shaped.
    The plunger is suitably spring loaded and the spring force of the springmember acts on the plunger in the direction towards the manoeuvring shaft.The spring force thus urges the plunger to engage with the at least one recessin the manoeuvring shaft. ln order to achieve a new shift position the springforce must be overcome and the resultant force acting on the plunger must bein a direction away from the recess.
    The plunger may have an essentially circular cross-section. The first portioncomprising the two inc|ined surface portions may thereby be frustoconicallyshaped and the second portion comprising the two Iocking surface portionsmay thus be cylindrically or frustoconically shaped. The two inc|ined surfaceportions of the first portion are thereby parts of an enve|ope surface of the firstportion. The two Iocking surface portions of the second portion are therebyparts of an enve|ope surface ofthe second portion. The plunger mayalternatively have a rectangu|ar or square cross-section. The first portioncomprising the two inc|ined surface portions may thereby be tapered and thesecond portion comprising the two Iocking surface portions may thus be tapered or shaped as a cuboid.
    The second portion of the plunger and the at least one recess are preferablycorrespondingly shaped. Thus, the cross-section of the at least one recess andthe longitudinal section of the second portion are preferably similarly shaped.The at least one recess in the manoeuvring shaft may be a drilled hole, a cutgroove or a turned groove. ln the case where the at least one recess is adrilled hole, the two Iocking surface portions are parts of a curvedcircumferential surface. ln the case where the at least one recess is a cutgroove, the recess suitably extends along the width of the manoeuvring shaft, transverse to the longitudinal extension of the manoeuvring shaft. The twoIocking surface portions then extend in parallel with each other, along the widthof the manoeuvring shaft. ln the case where the at least one recess is a turnedgroove, the recess may extend circumferentially around the manoeuvringsshaft. A Iocking surface portion of the at least one recess will, at a contact area,interact with a Iocking surface portion of the plunger regardless of the directionin which the manoeuvring shaft moves along the first axis. ln the case wherethe at least one recess is in the shape of a cut groove and the plunger has acircular cross-section, the contact area between the Iocking surface portions ofthe at least one recess and the Iocking surface portions ofthe plunger will be aso called line contact area.
    The Iocking surface portions of the plunger preferably extend essentiallyperpendicularly to the first axis. The Iocking surface portions of the at least onerecess preferably extend essentially perpendicularly to the first axis. This way,the force from the manoeuvring shaft acting on the plunger is essentiallyperpendicular to the spring force and does thus not counteract the spring force.The plunger will therefore not be pushed out of the recess by moving the manoeuvring shaft.
    The inclined surface portions on the first portion suitably extend with an angleto the first axis which is between 10-60 degrees, preferably 40-45 degrees.The inclined surface portions preferably extend with an angle to the first axis,which is smaller than the angle of the inclination of the Iocking surface portionsof the plunger. The inclined surface portions are suitably configured such thatthe cross-section area of the first portion of the plunger decreases towards thesecond portion.
    The second portion of the plunger preferably comprises a tip portion extendingfrom the Iocking surface portions. According to an aspect of the invention thesecond portion of the plunger comprises a tapered tip portion. The tip portionmay be cone shaped or frustoconically shaped. The tip portion suitably extends tapering from the Iocking surface portions. By using a tapered tipportion, the inclined surface of the tip portion may interact with the bevellededge of the opening in the sleeve as the manoeuvring shaft and the sleeve aremoved along the first axis. The inclined surface of the tip portion will thus beaffected by a force from the bevelled edge which will counteract the springforce, such that the resuitant force pushes the plunger out of the recess andthe sleeve. Alternatively, the second portion of the plunger comprises ahemispheric tip portion. The hemispheric tip portion suitably extends from theIocking surface portions. The outer surface of the hemispheric tip portion willinteract with the bevelled edge of the opening in the sleeve as themanoeuvring shaft and the sleeve are moved along the first axis. Thehemispheric tip portion will thus be affected by a force from the bevelled edgewhich counteracts the spring force, such that the resultant force pushes the plunger out of the recess and the sleeve.
    The first portion of the plunger preferably has a larger cross-section area thanthe second portion. The second portion typically extends from the first portionin the direction towards the manoeuvring shaft. The Iocking surface portions ofthe second portion are closest to the first portion and the tip portion is furtheraway from the first portion.
    According to an aspect of the invention, the sleeve and the manoeuvring shaftare coupled by means of a circumferential groove in the manoeuvring shaftand an inner circumferential protrusion of the sleeve, wherein the relativemovement between the sleeve and the manoeuvring shaft is restricted by thewidth of the groove. The width of the groove is extending in the direction of thefirst axis. When the sleeve is moved by the actuator such that the protrusionabuts an edge of the groove, the manoeuvring shaft will be moved as well. Thesleeve is suitably arranged such that the protrusion is positioned centrally inthe groove when the second portion of the plunger is engaged in the at leastone recess. When the manoeuvring shaft is to be moved to a new shiftingposition, the sleeve first has to be moved independently of the manoeuvring shaft, whereby the plunger is Iifted. When the protrusion is abutting an edge ofthe groove, the manoeuvring shaft is moved in the same direction as thesleeve, and the second portion of the plunger interacts with the bevelled edgeof the opening in the s|eeve. The plunger is eventually completely pushed outof the s|eeve and the manoeuvring shaft may be moved to a new shift position.
    The gearbox in which the detent device is arranged is suitably a manualgearbox or an automated manual transmission. According to an aspect of theinvention the actuator is pneumatic, hydraulic, electric, thermal, magnetic ormechanical. According to an aspect of the invention the actuator comprises apneumatic or hydraulic cylinder. The actuator may consist of a pneumatic or ahydraulic cylinder. The s|eeve and the manoeuvring shaft are thus moved bythe force generated by the cylinder. The cylinder is suitably designed such thata predetermined force required to move the manoeuvring shaft to a shiftposition, is generated. The cylinder is suitably electronically controlled by acontrol unit. The control unit may alternatively determine the applied force thatis required to move the manoeuvring shaft to a shift position, and controls thecylinder such that the cylinder generates the required force. Alternatively, theactuator comprises a linkage mechanically connected to a gear lever arrangedinside the vehicle. The linkage is suitably directly controlled by the movementof the gear lever. ln other words, the operator of the vehicle moves the gearlever and thus controls the linkage which applies a force on the s|eeve suchthat the s|eeve and the manoeuvring shaft are moved. Alternatively, theactuator is an electric actuator powered by for example an electric motor.
    Further objects, advantages and novel features of the present invention willbecome apparent to one skilled in the art from the following details, and alsoby putting the invention into practice. Whereas the invention is describedbelow, it should be noted that it is not restricted to the specific detailsdescribed. Specialists having access to the teachings herein will recognisefurther applications, modifications and incorporations within other fields, whichare within the scope of the invention. 11 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS For fuller understanding of the present invention and further objects andadvantages of it, the detailed description set out below should be read togetherwith the accompanying drawings, in which the same reference notations denote similar items in the various diagrams, and in which: Figure 1 schematically illustrates a vehicle according to an embodiment ofthe invention;Figure 2 schematically illustrates a gearbox according to an embodiment of the invention;Figure 3a-b schematically illustrates a detent device according to an embodiment of the invention; Figure 4 schematically illustrates a detent device according to anembodiment of the invention; Figure 5 schematically illustrates a detent device according to anembodiment of the invention; and Figure 6 schematically illustrates a detent device according to an embodiment of the invention.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 schematiceliy shows e side view ef a vehicle 1 according td enembodiment efthe inventien. The vehieie 1 comprises en iriternei eenwbustienengine 2 and a gearbex 4 xfifith at ieest ene detent device 1G. The gearbox 4 ieconnected te the driving vifheeis ö ef the venieie i. The vehicle 1 may be aheavy vehicle, e.g. a truck or a bus. The vehicle 1 may alternatively be a paSSengel' Car.
    Figure 2 sciiemetieeliy shows a gearbox 4 according to an embodiment of theinvention. The gearbox 4 may be a manual gearbox or an automated manualtransmission. The gearbox 4 suitably comprises an input shaft 12 which isconnected to an engine (not shown), a main shaft 14, a lay shaft 16 and an 12 output shaft 18. The output shaft 18 is typically connected to the driving wheels6 of the vehicle 1. This figure shows a range-splitter gearbox and thuscomprises a splitter gear 20 connected to the input shaft 12 and a range gear22 connected to the output shaft 18. However, the splitter gear 20 and/or therange gear 22 may be excluded. The gearbox 4 further comprises a p|ura|ity ofgear wheels 24 which can be connected to the shaft on which they arearranged, or disconnected from the shaft. By connecting/disconnecting thegear wheels 24 different gears are engaged/disengaged in the gearbox 4.Such gear wheels 24 may be arranged on the input shaft 12, the main shaft14, the |ay shaft 16 and/or the output shaft 18. When the gear wheel 24 isconnected to the shaft, the gear wheel 24 and the shaft rotates together.When the gear wheel 24 is disconnected from the shaft, the gear wheel 24 andthe shaft rotate independently of each other. The gear wheels 24 areconnected/disconnected by moving coupling sleeves 26 between different shiftpositions. The coupling sleeves 26 are suitably connected to a locked gearwheel 28 on the respective shaft, wherein the coupling s|eeve 26 connects agear wheel 24 to the shaft on which it is arranged, via connection to the lockedgear wheel 28. The coupling sleeves 26 are suitably moved along an axisparallel with the extension of the main shaft 14. The movement of the couplingsleeves 26 and thus the connection/disconnection of the coupling sleeves 26 isperformed by means of detent devices 10. The coupling s|eeve 26 isconnected to a shift fork 30 and the shift fork 30 is connected to amanoeuvring shaft 32 ofthe detent device 10. The manoeuvring shaft 32 ismoved by means of an actuator 34 whereby the shift fork 30 and the couplings|eeve 26 are moved. The detent device 10 is further described in Figures 3-5.ln the case where the gearbox 4 is a manual gearbox, the actuator 34 of thedetent device 10 may consist of linkages which are mechanically connected toa gear lever 36 arranged inside the vehicle 1. ln the case where the gearbox 4is an automated manual transmission, the actuators 34 may consist ofpneumatic or hydraulic cylinders or they may be electronically manoeuvred.The actuators 34 are controlled based on the position of the gear lever 36.Based on the type of actuator 34, the connection between the gear lever 36 13 and the actuator 34 ofthe detent device 10 may be mechanical or electrical.This is illustrated by dotted lines in the figure. The herein described gearbox 4is only an illustrative example of a gearbox 4 comprising at least one detentdevice 10 for gear shifting. The gearbox 4 could thus be differently configuredand may for example comprise any number of gear wheels 24, coupling sleeves 26 and detent devices 10.
    Figures 3a, 3b, 4 and 5 schematicaily show detent devices 10 according todifferent embodiments of the invention. The figures show longitudinal sectionviews of the detent device 10. The detent device 10 is configured as describedin Figure 2 and comprises an actuator 34, a movable manoeuvring shaft 32adapted to manoeuvre a shift fork 30, and a plunger 40. The manoeuvringshaft 32 comprises at least one recess 42 associated with a shift position of acoupling sleeve 26 as described in Figure 2. The manoeuvring shaft 32 maycomprise a plurality of recesses 42 each corresponding to a shift position. Theactuator 34 is adapted to move the manoeuvring shaft 32 along a first axis A'extending along the longitudinal extension of the manoeuvring shaft 32. Thefirst axis A' is suitably parallel with the rotational axis of the main shaft 14 ofthe gearbox 4 in which the detent device 10 is arranged. The actuator 34 maybe a linkage mechanically connected to the gear lever 36 in the vehicle 1 orthe actuator 34 may be a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder. The actuator 34 maythus be mechanically or electronically controlled. The plunger 40 is movablealong a second axis A” perpendicular to the first axis A', by means of a springmember 44. The spring force of the spring member 44 acts on the plunger 40in the direction towards the manoeuvring shaft 32 such that the plunger 40 isable to engage with the recess 42 in the manoeuvring shaft 32. ln order toachieve a new shift position the spring force must be overcome such that theplunger 40 is pushed out of the recess 42.
    A sleeve 46 is attached to the actuator 34, wherein the sleeve 46 surroundsthe manoeuvring shaft 32 and comprises an opening 48 in connection with therecess 42. The opening 48 has a bevelled edge 50, such that the opening 14 diameter decreases in the direction towards the manoeuvring shaft 32. Theopening 48 is large enough for the plunger 40 to fit. The plunger 40 comprisesa first portion 40' with two inclined surface portions 52 adapted to interact withthe bevelled edge 50, and a second portion 40" adapted to engage with therecess 42 in the manoeuvring shaft 32. The second portion 40" of the plunger40 comprises two Iocking surface portions 54' and the recess 42 of themanoeuvring shaft 32 comprises two Iocking surface portions 54”. The Iockingsurface portions 54', 54" extend with an angle oi to the first axis A', wherein theangle oi is between 70-100 degrees. The Iocking surface portions 54', 54"preferably extend with an angle oi between 85-90 degrees to the first axis A”.The Iocking surface portions 54' of the plunger 40 and the Iocking surfaceportions 54" of the recess 42 preferably have essentially the same inclination.By having Iocking surface portions 54', 54" which extend with an angle oibetween 70-100 degrees to the first axis A', the force component derived fromfor example undesired forces acting on the manoeuvring shaft 32 will not belarge enough to push the plunger 40 out of the recess 42. The Iocking surfaceportions 54', 54" thus ensure that the plunger 40 is not pushed out of the recess 42 by moving only the manoeuvring shaft 32.
    The inclined surface portions 52 of the first portion 40' of the plunger 40 andthe bevelled edge 50 of the opening 48 in the sleeve 46 may havecorresponding inclinations. The inclined surface portions 52 on the first portion40' suitably extend with an angle to the first axis A' which is between 10-60degrees, preferably 40-45 degrees. The inclined surface portions 52 aresuitably configured such that the cross-section area of the first portion 40' ofthe plunger 40 decreases towards the second portion 40”.
    The sleeve 46 and the manoeuvring shaft 32 are suitably movably connectedto each other. The sleeve 46 and the manoeuvring shaft 32 may be coupled bymeans of a circumferential groove 56 in the manoeuvring shaft 32 and an innercircumferential protrusion 58 inside the sleeve 46, wherein the relativemovement between the sleeve 46 and the manoeuvring shaft 32 is restricted by the width of the groove 56. The width of the groove 56 is extending in thedirection of the first axis A”. When the s|eeve 46 is moved by the actuator 34such that the protrusion 58 abuts an edge of the groove 56, the manoeuvringshaft 32 will be moved as well. The s|eeve 46 is suitably arranged such thatthe protrusion 58 is positioned centrally in the groove 56 when the secondportion 40” of the plunger 40 is engaged in the at least one recess 42 and theactuator 34 is in an idle state. When the manoeuvring shaft 32 is to be movedto a new shift position, the actuator 34 first moves the s|eeve 46 independentlyof the manoeuvring shaft 32 and when the protrusion 58 is abutting an edge ofthe groove 56, the manoeuvring shaft 32 is moved in the same direction as thes|eeve 46.
    When the second portion 40 “of the plunger is engaged in the recess 42, theinc|ined surface portions 52 of the first portion 40' are flush with the beve|ededge 50 of the opening 48 in the s|eeve 46. The actuator 34 is in an idle stateand the s|eeve 46 is stationary. This way, the beve|ed edge 50 will act on aninc|ined surface portion 52 when the s|eeve 46 is moved along the first axis A”.The force applied by the actuator 34 results in a force component acting on theinc|ined surface portion 52, which counteracts the spring force and is directedaway from the recess 42. At a certain applied force from the actuator 34, theforce component directed away from the recess 42 will be large enough tomake the inc|ined surface portion 52 of the plunger 40 slide on the beve|ededge 50 of the opening 48 in the s|eeve 46. Thus, in order to move themanoeuvring shaft 32 to another shift position, the s|eeve 46 must first bemoved to start lifting the plunger 40 out of the recess 42 and the manoeuvringshaft 32 is subsequently moved. As the manoeuvring shaft 32 is moved, thesecond portion 40” of the plunger 40 will interact with the beve|ed edge 50 ofthe opening 48 in the s|eeve 46 and the plunger 40 will thereby be furtherpushed out of the recess 42 and the s|eeve 46. The plunger 40 is eventuallycompletely pushed out of the s|eeve 46 and the manoeuvring shaft 32 may be moved to a new shift position. 16 The plunger 40 may have an essentially circular cross-section. The first portion40' comprising the two inclined surface portions 52 may thereby befrustoconically shaped, and the part of the second portion 40" comprising thetwo locking surface portions 54' may thus be cylindrically or frustoconicallyshaped. The two inclined surface portions 52 of the first portion 40' maythereby be parts of an envelope surface of the first portion 40'. The two lockingsurface portions 54' of the second portion 40" may thereby be parts of anenvelope surface of the second portion 40". The plunger 40 may alternativelyhave a rectangular or square cross-section. The first portion 40' comprising thetwo inclined surface portions 52 may thereby be tapered, and the part of thesecond portion 40" comprising the two locking surface portions 54' may thusbe tapered or shaped as a cuboid. The second portion 40" of the plunger 40and the recess 42 are preferably correspondingly shaped. Thus, the cross-section of the recess 42 and the longitudinal section of the second portion 40"are preferably similarly shaped. The recess 42 in the manoeuvring shaft 32may be a drilled hole, a cut groove or a turned groove. ln the case where therecess 42 is a drilled hole, the two locking surface portions 54" are parts of acurved circumferential surface. ln the case where the recess 42 is a cut groove,the recess 42 suitably extends along the width of the manoeuvring shaft 32,transverse to the longitudinal extension of the manoeuvring shaft 32. The twolocking surface portions 54" then extend in parallel with each other, along thewidth of the manoeuvring shaft 32. ln the case where the recess 42 is a turnedgroove, the recess 42 suitably extends circumferentially around themanoeuvrings shaft 32.
    The first portion 40' of the plunger 40 preferably has a larger cross-sectionarea than the second portion 40". The second portion 40" extends from thefirst portion 40' in the direction towards the manoeuvring shaft 32. The secondportion 40" comprises a tip portion 60 engaging with the recess 42 in themanoeuvring shaft 32. The locking surface portions 54' of the second portion 40" are closest to the first portion 40' and the tip portion 60 is further away 17 from the first portion 40'. The recess 42 comprises a bottom portion 61 corresponding to the shape of the tip portion 60 of the plunger 40.
    Figure 3a and 3b show a detent device 10 where the locking surface portions54' of the plunger 40 extend essentially perpendicularly to the first axis A' andwhere the locking surface portions 54” of the recess 42 extend essentiallyperpendicularly to the first axis A”. The angle oi is thus essentially 90 degrees.This way, the force from the manoeuvring shaft 32 acting on the plunger 40 isessentially perpendicular to the spring force and no force componentcounteracts the spring force. The plunger 40 will therefore not be pushed outof the recess 42. The second portion 40" of the plunger 40 comprises atapered tip portion 60 and the bottom portion 61 of the recess 42 iscorrespondingly shaped. The tip portion 60 may thus be cone shapeddepending on the configuration of the plunger 40. The first portion 40' of theplunger 40 comprises inclined surface portions 52 which are formed aschamfers connecting a vertical side of the first portion 40' with a horizontal sideof the first portion 40'. Figure 3a shows a situation where the actuator 34 is inan idle state, the second portion 40" of the plunger 40 is engaged in the recess42 and the horizontal side of the first portion 40' abuts the manoeuvring shaft32. The plunger 40 thus rests on the manoeuvrings shaft 32. ln figure 3b theactuator 34 has moved the sleeve 46 to the right in the figure, illustrated by anarrow. The sleeve 46 has thus moved relative the manoeuvring shaft 32 alongthe first axis A', and the protrusion 58 of the sleeve 46 abuts the right end ofthe groove 56 in the manoeuvring shaft 32. When the sleeve 46 is moved tothe right, the force exerted by the left bevelled edge 50 makes the inclinedsurface portion 52 on the left side of the first portion 40' slide on the leftbevelled edge 50 such that the plunger 40 is partly pushed out of the recess42. The plunger 40 thus moves along the second axis A" in the direction awayfrom the manoeuvring shaft 32 as illustrated with an arrow. As the actuator 34continues to pull the sleeve 46 to the right, the manoeuvring shaft 32 will startmoving in the same direction. When the manoeuvring shaft 32 moves to theright, the left side of the tapered tip portion 60 of the second portion 40" will 18 interact with the left bevelled edge 50 of the opening 48 in the sleeve 46. Thisway, the plunger 40 will be completely pushed out of the recess 42 and the sleeve 46.
    Figure 4 shows a detent device 10 where the locking surface portions 54' ofthe plunger 40 extend essentially perpendicularly to the first axis A' and wherethe locking surface portions 54” of the recess 42 extend essentiallyperpendicularly to the first axis A”. The detent device 10 is configured as inFigure 3a and 3b except that the first portion 40' of the plunger does notcomprise a horizontal side. lnstead, the inclined surface portions 52 extendfrom a vertical side of the first portion 40' to the locking surface portions 54' ofthe second portion 40". The plunger 40 may thus rest on the bottom of therecess 42 in the manoeuvring shaft 32 when the actuator 34 is in an idle state.The manoeuvring shaft 32 suitably comprises inclined surface portions 62corresponding to the inclined surface portions 52 of the plunger 40. Thebevelled edge 50 of the opening 48 in the sleeve 46 acts on the inclinedsurface portions 52 of the plunger 40 when the sleeve 46 is moved along thefirst axis A”. However, when the manoeuvring shaft 32 is moved along the firstaxis A', the tapered tip portion 60 of the plunger 40 will first interact with theinclined surface portions 62 of the manoeuvring shaft 32 and subsequentlywith the bevelled edge 50 of the opening 48 in the sleeve 46.
    Figure 5 shows a detent device 10 as described in figure 4 with the differencethat the locking surface portions 54”, 54” of the plunger 40 and the recess 42extend with an angle oi to the first axis A', wherein the angle oi is between 85- 88 degrees.
    Figure 6 shows a detent device 10 where the locking surface portions 54' ofthe plunger 40 extend essentially perpendicularly to the first axis A' and wherethe locking surface portions 54” of the recess 42 extend essentiallyperpendicularly to the first axis A”. The angle oi is thus essentially 90 degrees.The inclined surface portions 52 of the plunger 40 extend from a vertical side 19 of the first portion 40' to the Iocking surface portions 54' of the second portion40”. The manoeuvring shaft 32 may comprise inclined surface portions 62corresponding to the inclined surface portions 52 of the plunger 40. The tipportion 60 of the plunger 40 is hemispheric and the bottom portion 61 of therecess 41 is correspondingly shaped. The tip portion 60 of the plunger 40extends from the Iocking surface portions 54'. The bevelled edge 50 of theopening 48 in the s|eeve 46 will act on the inclined surface portions 52 of theplunger 40 when the s|eeve 46 is moved along the first axis A”. When themanoeuvring shaft 32 is moved along the first axis A', the hemispheric tipportion 60 of the plunger 40 will first interact with the inclined surface portions62 of the manoeuvring shaft 32 and subsequently with the bevelled edge 50 ofthe opening 48 in the s|eeve 46.
    The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the presentinvention is provided for i|ustrative and descriptive purposes. lt is not intendedto be exhaustive or to restrict the invention to the variants described. Manymodifications and variations will obviousiy be apparent to one ski|ed in the art.The embodiments have been chosen and described in order best to explainthe principles of the invention and its practical applications and hence make itpossible for specialists to understand the invention for various embodimentsand with the various modifications appropriate to the intended use.
    权利要求:
    Claims (11)
    [1] 1. A detent device (10) for a gearbox (4), comprising an actuator (34); amovable manoeuvring shaft (32) adapted to manoeuvre a shift fork (30); and aplunger (40), wherein the manoeuvring shaft (32) comprises at least onerecess (42) associated with a shift position, wherein the actuator (34) isadapted to move the manoeuvring shaft (32) along a first axis (A') extendingalong the longitudinal extension of the manoeuvring shaft (32), wherein theplunger (40) is movable along a second axis (A") perpendicular to the first axis(A') by means of a spring member (44), whereby the plunger (40) is able toengage with the at least one recess (42) in the manoeuvring shaft (32),characterized in that a sleeve (46) is attached to the actuator (34), whereinthe sleeve (46) surrounds the manoeuvring shaft (32) and comprises anopening (48) in connection with the at least one recess (42), wherein theopening (48) has a bevelled edge (50) such that the opening diameterdecreases in the direction towards the manoeuvring shaft (32), wherein theplunger (40) comprises a first portion (40') with two inclined surface portions(52) adapted to interact with the bevelled edge (50) and a second portion (40")adapted to engage with the at least one recess (42) in the manoeuvring shaft(32), wherein the second portion (40") and the at least one recess (42) eachcomprises two locking surface portions (54', 54").
    [2] 2. A detent device according to claim 1, characterized in that the lockingsurface portions (54', 54") of the second portion (40") of the plunger (40) andthe at least one recess (42) extend with an angle (d) to the first axis, whereinthe angle (d) is between 70-100 degrees.
    [3] 3. A detent device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the twolocking surface portions (54') of the plunger (40) extends essentiallyperpendicularly to the first axis (A'). 21
    [4] 4. A detent device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized inthat the two Iocking surface portions (54") of the at least one recess (42) extends essentially perpendicularly to the first axis (A').
    [5] 5. A detent device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized inthat the sleeve (46) and the manoeuvring shaft (32) are movably connected to each other.
    [6] 6. A detent device according to claim 5, characterized in that the sleeve (46)and the manoeuvring shaft (32) are coupled by means of a circumferentialgroove (56) in the manoeuvring shaft (32) and an inner circumferentialprotrusion (58) inside the sleeve (46), wherein the re|ative movement betweenthe sleeve (46) and the manoeuvring shaft (32) is restricted by the width of thegroove (56).
    [7] 7. A detent device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized inthat the second portion (40") of the plunger (40) comprises a tip portion (60).
    [8] 8. A detent device according to claim 7, characterized in that the tip portion(60) is tapered or hemispheric.
    [9] 9. A detent device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuator (34) comprises a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder.
    [10] 10. A gearbox (4), characterized by a detent device (10) according to any of the claims 1-9.
    [11] 11. A vehicle (1), characterized by a detent device (10) according to any of the claims 1-9.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DE102016007209A1|2017-01-12|
    SE539011C2|2017-03-21|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    GB2361967A|2000-05-05|2001-11-07|Eaton Corp|Transmission shift neutral detent and sensor|
    US6769325B2|2002-02-19|2004-08-03|Zf Meritor, Llc|Shift biased detent profile|DE102018211287A1|2018-07-09|2020-01-09|Zf Friedrichshafen Ag|Actuating device for a clutch and coupling arrangement with the actuating device|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SE1551007A|SE539011C2|2015-07-10|2015-07-10|A detent device for a gearbox|SE1551007A| SE539011C2|2015-07-10|2015-07-10|A detent device for a gearbox|
    DE102016007209.1A| DE102016007209A1|2015-07-10|2016-05-31|Detent device for a manual transmission|
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